Blackberry is a nutrient-dense berry rich in anthocyanins and polyphenols. It has been traditionally used for digestive and oral complaints and is increasingly studied for antioxidant, cardiometabolic, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective effects. Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) is a perennial shrub of the Rosaceae family, valued as both food and medicine across cultures (1). The deep purple-black fruits …

Sambucus nigra, commonly known as elderberry or European black elder, is a deciduous shrub native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Western Asia. For centuries, its berries and flowers have been integral to traditional medicine, primarily for the treatment of colds, flu, and respiratory ailments. Today, elderberry remains one of the most widely used …

Acerola (Malpighia emarginata), also known as the “Barbados cherry,” is a bright red fruit grown in tropical regions. It is one of the richest natural sources of vitamin C; thanks to this property and its phenolic/carotenoid compounds, it stands out in research with strong antioxidant and potential anti-inflammatory effects (1, 2). Phytochemistry and Nutritional Profile …

Açai (Euterpe oleracea) is a dark purple fruit from a palm native to the Amazon Basin, especially Brazil. Traditionally consumed locally, it has gained international attention as a nutritious “superfruit.” Multiple studies confirm its rich antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiometabolic benefits (1). Phytochemistry & Nutrient Profile Anthocyanins & Phenolics: These potent antioxidants give açaí its deep color …

Suma root comes from the plant Pfaffia paniculata, which belongs to the Amaranthaceae family of flowering plants. Although commonly referred to as Brazilian ginseng, this root is not related to Asian or American ginseng, both of which belong to the Araliaceae family. Suma root contains pfaffic acid and saponin pfaffosides. These two compounds are praised …

Piper Nigrum, commonly known as black pepper, is a flowering vine cultivated for its fruit, which is dried and used as a spice and seasoning. Native to South India, black pepper has been dubbed the “King of Spices” and has played a pivotal role in global trade and culinary traditions. Beyond its culinary uses, black …

Piper Nigrum, commonly known as black pepper, is a flowering vine cultivated for its fruit, which is dried and used as a spice and seasoning. Native to South India, black pepper has been dubbed the “King of Spices” and has played a pivotal role in global trade and culinary traditions. Beyond its culinary uses, black …

Tribulus terrestris is a small leafy plant native to warm temperate and tropical regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Both the root and fruit of the plant have been used medicinally in traditional Chinese medicine and Indian Ayurveda for thousands of years (1). Today, it is primarily marketed as a supplement that …

Schisandra chinensis (five-flavour fruit) is a fruit-bearing vine. Its purple-red berries have been described as having five tastes: sweet, salty, bitter, pungent and sour. Schizandra is a curly shrub found in the temperate forests of central China. It grows in the wild without the use of pesticides or fertilisers. In traditional Chinese medicine, schisandra is …